Further investigation of these forms of memory impairment promises to shed light on processes of human memory. Accelerated long-term forgetting and autobiographical amnesia, which are invisible to standard memory tests, help to explain the discrepancy between normal test performance and prominent memory complaints among patients with epilepsy. Transient epileptic amnesia is an under-recognized but treatable cause of transient memory impairment. This diagnosis was established via a clinical assessment with an experienced behavioural neurologist (AZ or CB), with.
Further work is required to establish whether the interictal memory impairment is due to physiological or structural disturbance. Invitations to the study were sent to all currently registered research participants of the TIME (The Impairment of Memory in Epilepsy) project, who had previously met criteria for a diagnosis of Transient Epileptic Amnesia. The seizures respond promptly to treatment, whereas the interictal impairments generally persist. The seizure focus lies in the medial temporal lobes. It is associated with novel forms of interictal memory disturbance: accelerated long-term forgetting, remote memory impairment, especially affecting autobiographical memory, and topographical memory impairment. Transient epileptic amnesia is a distinctive syndrome of temporal lobe epilepsy principally affecting middle-aged people, giving rise to recurrent, brief attacks of amnesia, often occurring on waking.
Recent research has established that this is indeed the case, and indicates that characteristic varieties of interictal memory disturbance co-occur with this form of epilepsy. In addition, some patients with TEA also notice an impaired ability to navigate around new and familiar routes called topographical amnesia.Case reports over the past 100 years have raised the possibility that epilepsy can manifest itself in episodes of amnesia. Results from our studies have also shown that TEA is associated with two particular types of memory difficulty between attacks:Īccelerated forgetting and Autobiographical amnesia Memory difficulties involve a mixture of anterograde and retrograde amnesia.The long-term prognosis of TEA is not yet well. Clinicians often make an incorrect initial diagnosis of the condition As the present case demonstrates, interictal memory problems might persist despite anticonvulsant treatment.Often associated with hallucinations of smell & involuntary movements (automatisms).The amnesic attacks are recurrent (average 12 per year).The amnesic attack is brief (typically 30-60 minutes duration).The syndrome predominantly occurs in men (male to female ratio 2:1) The anterograde amnesia during episodes is, however, often incomplete so that patients may later be able to remember not being able to remember.Onset typically occurs in late-middle to old age (median 62 years).In most cases, TGA episodes last one to 10 hours (six hours is average).
Other symptoms that can occur with TGA include: Headache. A clear response to anti-epileptic drugsīutler and colleagues recruited 50 patients with TEA using these diagnostic criteria in order to assess the clinical features of the syndrome. Have other neurological or cognitive symptoms, such as loss of language or issues moving.
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